In accordance with our Quality Policy, COMSOL maintains a library of hundreds of documented model examples that are regularly tested against the latest version of the COMSOL Multiphysics® software, including benchmark problems from ASME and NAFEMS, as well as TEAM problems.
Our Verification and Validation (V&V) test suite provides consistently accurate solutions that are compared against analytical results and established benchmark data. The documented models below are part of the COMSOL Multiphysics® software’s built-in Application Libraries. They include reference values and sources for a wide range of benchmarks, as well as step-by-step instructions to reproduce the expected results on your own computer. You can use these models not only to document your software quality assurance (SQA) and numerical code verification (NCV) efforts, but also as part of an in-house training program.
This example illustrates multiphase flow modeling in an airlift loop reactor. The reactor is filled with water and air bubbles are injected at the bottom through two frits. Due to buoyancy, the bubbles rise, inducing a circulating motion of the liquid. The model specifically investigates ... Read More
This model shows a setup of two parallel wires with a constant current running through both. Their cross-sections are successively reduced until a set force per unit length is reached. Read More
The backward facing step is an interesting case for studying the performance and solution strategy of a turbulence model. In this case, the flow is subjected to a sudden increase of cross-sectional area, resulting in a separation of flow starting at the point of expansion. Spatial ... Read More
Perforates are plates with a distribution of small perforations or holes. They are used in muffler systems, sound absorbing panels, and in many other places as liners, where it is important to control attenuation precisely. As the perforations become smaller and smaller, viscous and ... Read More
Carbon dioxide in aqueous solution is highly corrosive and can cause significant damage to steel designs. Such conditions arise in pipes used in a variety of applications, especially within the petrochemical industry. In this tutorial example, turbulent flows consisting of carbon ... Read More
Optical lenses of millimeter size cannot easily be analyzed with the Electromagnetic Waves, Frequency Domain interface on standard workstations due to the large number of finite element mesh elements required. This model explains how the Electromagnetic Waves, Beam Envelopes interface ... Read More
A classic benchmark problem in computational electromagnetics is to solve for the radar cross section (RCS) of a sphere in free space illuminated by a plane wave. This model solves for the RCS of a metallic sphere that has a very high conductivity, which can be treated as a material with ... Read More
Reflective mufflers are best suited for the low-frequency range where only plane waves can propagate in the system, while dissipative mufflers with fibers are efficient in the mid- to high-frequency range. Dissipative mufflers based on flow losses, on the other hand, also work at low ... Read More
This model shows how to implement an anisotropic, incompressible, hyperelastic material for modeling soft collagenous tissue in arterial walls. The hyperelastic material model implemented is based on the articles: Holzapfel, G. A., Gasser, T. C., & Ogden, R. W. (2000), A new ... Read More
Cyclones are used in a variety of applications ranging from the mining industry to vacuum cleaners. The flow in a cyclone is characterized by a very strong swirl, which makes it difficult to simulate. In this tutorial example, the v2-f turbulence model is used to simulate the flow in a ... Read More